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Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of measurement and characteristics of intraocular lens (IOL) tilt using the swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometer (IOLMaster 700) and to explore its potentially relevant parameters.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Two hundred and forty-two eyes (119 right eyes, 123 left eyes) of 185 patients after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital from July to September 2018.The IOL position, angle κ, angle α, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth (ACD), pupil diameter (PD), and axial length (AL) were obtained by IOLMaster 700, and the IOL tilt direction and magnitude were calculated.The within-subject standard deviation and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to evaluate the repeatability of three IOL tilt measurements.Binocular symmetry of IOL tilt and the correlation between IOL tilt and different influencing factors were evaluated by Pearson linear correlation analysis or Spearman rank correlation analysis.Influencing factors for IOL tilt were assessed by multiple linear regression analysis.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (No.TRECKY2018-049). Patients were informed of the purpose and methods of this study and signed the written informed consent.Results:The repeatability of IOL tilt measurements was excellent with a within-subject standard deviation of 5.16° for IOL tilt direction and 0.13° for IOL tilt magnitude.IOL tilt was mirror symmetric in both eyes.The IOL tilt direction in right eyes ranged from -89.60° to 87.53° with a mean of (18.85±29.65)°, and the tilt magnitude ranged from 1.32° to 7.05° with a mean of (4.16±1.26)°.The IOL tilt direction in left eyes ranged from -84.30° to 89.44° with a mean of (21.17±32.38)°, and the tilt magnitude ranged from 0.58° to 7.40° with a mean of (3.80±1.31)°.There were moderate and weak positive correlations of IOL tilt direction and tilt magnitude between both eyes ( r=0.473, P<0.001; r=0.335, P=0.011). IOL tilt magnitude was weakly positively correlated with angle α and IOL diopter ( rs=0.272, P=0.003; r=0.285, P=0.002), and was weakly negatively correlated with ACD, PD and AL ( r=-0.303, P=0.001; r=-0.233, P=0.011; rs=-0.331, P<0.001). In backward stepwise regression analysis, the regression equation of IOL tilt magnitude, angle α, ACD, PD, AL and IOL diopter in multiple linear regression analysis was as follows: IOL tilt magnitude=10.503+ 1.456×angle α-0.532×ACD-0.196×AL ( R2=0.400; F=8.588, P<0.001). Conclusions:The SS-OCT biometer can be an effective method to assess IOL tilt.IOL tilt is mirror symmetric between the right eyes and left eyes.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of improved partial graft excision (iPGE) in the treatment of infected arteriovenous grafts (AVG).Methods:It was a single-center retrospective study. A cohort database study of patients who underwent surgery for infected AVG from January 2019 to July 2022 was conducted. The cases were divided into total graft excision (TGE) group and iPGE group, and the postoperative reinfection rate and surgery-related complications, such as bleeding, nerve injury and limb ischemia, in the two groups were analyzed. The primary patency rate and the secondary patency rate at 3 months and 6 months after the surgery in the iPGE group were analyzed.Results:(1) General information: A total of 47 cases were included in the study. Among these 47 cases, 14 cases had undergone iPGE of infected AVG, and 33 cases had undergone TGE. The study population was of an average age of 59 years (21-81 years), including 18 males and 29 females. Dialysis age was 36 (14, 72) months. AVG age was 18 (4, 36) months. The shortest AVG age was half a month, and the longest AVG age was 72 months. (2)Comparative analysis of the two groups: The reinfection rate of the iPGE group was 21.4% (3/14), and the reinfection rate of the TGE group was 0 (0/33). The reinfection rate of the iPGE group was higher than that of the TGE group, and the difference was statistically significant (Fisher exact test, P=0.022). For 11 patients in the iPGE group (excluding 3 cases with reinfection), the shortest follow-up period was 5 months and the longest follow-up period was 18 months. In the iPGE group, the primary patency rate at 3 months was 72.7% (8/11), and the primary patency rate at 6 months was 72.7% (8/11); the secondary patency rate at 3 months was 100% (11/11) and the secondary patency rate at 6 months was 90.9% (10/11). There was no brachial artery rupture, nerve injury or limb ischemia in the iPGE group. In the TGE group, 1 case underwent secondary repair of brachial artery due to brachial artery rupture, and there was no nerve injury or limb ischemia in other cases. Conclusions:During the treatment of infected AVG, iPGE can preserve the original fistula, and avoid central venous catheterization. At the same time, the operation difficulty and risk are relatively low. Although the reinfection rate of iPGE is slightly higher than that of TGE in this study, the reinfection rate of iPGE is lower than that reported in the previous study. The key to prevent reinfection is to grasp the reasonable surgical adaptation signs in preoperative evaluation, perform intraoperative reevaluation and control surgical operation details. The iPGE represents an acceptable method for the treatment of some particular patients with infected AVG.
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@#Abstract: Objective （ ） To evaluate the internal exposure levels and risk in nuclear medicine workers NMWs engaged in Methods radionuclide therapy in Guangdong Province. A total of 61 NMWs from eight hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects using the convenient sampling method. The 0.364 MeV full energy peak efficiency was detected in （ ） in vitro ， - deltoid muscle of right upper arm as background and thyroid gland by direct measurement method and the iodine 131 （131 ） Results ，131 I activity in thyroid gland was calculated to evaluate the internal irradiation level. Among the 61 NMWs I was ， detected in the thyroid gland of four nuclear medical staffs in three hospitals and the detection rate was 6.6%. The median and - ［M（ P-P ）］ 131 （ - ） 0 100 percentile 0 100 of thyroid I activity were 42.9 35.1 47.1 Bq. When assuming that the monitoring period was ， M（ P-P ） （ - ） ， 30 days the 0 100 of single committed effective dose in thyroid gland was 0.014 0.011 0.015 mSv and the annual dose （ - ） Conclusion of internal irradiation was 0.162 0.132 0.180 mSv/a. The internal exposure of NMWs in the eight hospitals in （ ） ， Guangdong Province meets the annual effective dose limits ≤20.000 mSv/a . However it is necessary to pay attention to the internal radiation protection of NMWs and take reasonable protective measures to reduce the internal exposure risk of NMWs.
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Objective:To analyze the ultrasonographic features of adenoma of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (ANPCE).Methods:A retrospective series of case studies. From January 2014 to October 2021, 31 patients (31 eyes) with ANPCE (ANPCE group) were diagnosed in the eye center of Beijing Tongren Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, and 17 patients (17 eyes) with ciliary body melanoma (control group) diagnosed at the same time were selected as the control group. There was no significant difference in age ( t=-0.564) and sex composition ratio ( χ 2=0.182) between the two groups ( P=0.576, 0.670). All patients underwent ultrasound biomicroscopy to obtain the measurement parameters: tumor height, maximum basal diameter, maximum diameter, ratio of maximum diameter to basal diameter and ratio of maximum diameter to height; tumor location, shape, internal echogenicity intensity, echogenicity uniformity, degree of sound attenuation, invasion of iris, anterior displacement of the iris, lens subluxation were observed. The measurement parameters and observation indexes of the two groups were compared by independent sample t-test and χ 2 test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, area under the ROC curve (AUC) was determined, and parameter indicators with differential diagnosis value were screened. Results:The maximum diameter, height, maximum basal diameter, ratio of the maximum diameter to the maximum basal diameter, and the ratio of the maximum diameter to the height of the tumors in the ANPCE group and the control group were 5.64±0.98 mm, 4.24±0.59 mm, 3.66±0.71 mm, 1.58±0.34, 1.34±0.19 and 7.82±2.03 mm, 4.47±2.44 mm, 7.02±1.96 mm, 1.13±0.16, 2.09±1.06. The maximum diameter, the maximum basal diameter, and the ratio of the maximum diameter to the height of the tumor in the ANPCE group were all smaller than those of the control group, and the ratio of the maximum diameter to the maximum basal diameter was greater than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-4.159,-6.808, -2.924, 6.257; P<0.05). The tumors in the ANPCE group were mainly spherical (87.1%, 27/31), with no significant acoustic attenuation (77.4%, 24/31), less invading the root iris (77.4%, 24/31), and the tumors were mostly located in the ciliary body coronal (74.2%, 23/31); tumors in the control group were mainly hemispherical (47.1%, 8/17) or spherical (47.1%, 8/17), with significant sound attenuation (76.5%, 13/17), most of the tumors invaded the iris (70.6%, 12/17), and the tumors were mostly located from the pars plana to the coronal (76.5%, 13/17). There were statistically significant differences in the position, shape, sound attenuation degree, and whether it invaded the iris between the two groups of eyes ( χ 2=15.132, 19.767, 13.118, 10.581; P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the ratio of the largest diameter to the largest base diameter, the degree of sound attenuation and the AUC of whether the iris was violated were higher, which were 0.881, 0.769, and 0.740, respectively. Conclusions:Ultrasound biomicroscopy is helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ANPCE and ciliary body melanoma. The ratio of maximum diameter to maximum basal diameter, the degree of sound attenuation and whether it invades the root iris are important parameters to distinguish the two tumors.
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Objective:To determine the epidemiology of hyperkalemia and influencing factors in a general population in Pinggu district of Beijing city.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. The subjects were from the epidemiological survey population of chronic diseases in Pinggu district of Beijing city from March to May 2014. All participants completed a questionnaire, anthropological measurement, and venous blood samples collection to detect serum creatinine and potassium and so on. First void morning urine was collected to detect the albumin-creatinine ratio. Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia were defined as serum potassium level>5.0 mmol/L and≤3.5 mmol/L, respectively. Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of hyperkalemia.Results:Of the 10 252 people in this study, the prevalence of hyperkalemia was 6.17%(95% CI 5.70%-6.67%), the prevalence of hypokalemia was 0.61%(95% CI 0.47%-0.79%), and the prevalence of participants with serum potassium>5.5 mmol/L was 0.53%(95% CI 0.40%-0.69%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that males ( OR=1.269, 95% CI 1.074-1.498, P=0.005), diabetes ( OR=1.226, 95% CI 1.008-1.490, P=0.041), increased total cholesterol ( OR=1.219, 95% CI 1.119-1.329, P<0.001), and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate ( OR=0.971, 95% CI 0.965-0.977, P<0.001) were significantly correlated with the increased risk of hyperkalemia. Usage of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and diuretics were not found to be significantly associated with the risk of hyperkalemia ( OR=1.018, 95% CI 0.751-1.380, P=0.908; OR=0.638, 95% CI 0.229-1.781, P=0.391). Conclusions:The prevalence of HK in the general population is 6.17%. The male, decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes, and increased total cholesterol are influencing factors of hyperkalemia.
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Objective:To investigate the ultrasonic features, contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings and long-term follow-up results of melanocytoma of the optic disc(MCOD).Methods:The data of 35 patients (35 eyes, 35 lesions) diagnosed with MCOD in Beijing Tongren Ophthalmic Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2012 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The B-mode ultrasonography and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were performed on them. The size, morphology, internal echo and secondary changes of the lesions were analyzed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed on 13 patients. At the same time, 9 patients were followed up for long-term observation.Results:Six lesions (17.1%) showed hemispherical high echo, and 29 lesions (82.9%) showed limited uplift high echo. The largest base diameter of the lesions was (4.0±0.8)mm, average height was(1.9±0.4)mm. Internal echo characteristics: 8 lesions (22.9%) showed uniform echo and 27 lesions (77.1%) showed uneven echo.Lesion boundary: 35 lesions (100%) showed clear lesion boundary. Fifheen lesions (42.9%) showed secondary vitreous opacity. CDFI: blood flow signals could be detected inside the lesions in 19 lesions(54.3%), and not in 16 lesions(45.7%). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed 11 of the 13 lesions (84.6%) were completely filled with contrast agent.Conclusions:MCOD has certain ultrasonographic characteristics, which can provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis. There is no significant change in tumor size after long-term follow-up.
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Objective:To analyze the perfusion characteristics of choroidal metastasis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and compare with choroidal hemangioma.Methods:This was a retrospective study.From January 2016 to February 2018 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, a total of 21 eyes from 21 patients who were clinically diagnosed as choroidal metastasis were included as the choroidal metastasis group and 46 eyes from 46 patients who were diagnosed as choroidal hemangioma during the same period were included as the choroidal hemangioma group. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination, and Sonoliver was used to obtain the data on quantitative parameters of the tumor and the adjacent normal orbital tissues, including maximum of intensity (IMAX), rise time (RT), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (mTT). The quantitative parameters between choroidal metastasis and normal orbital tissues were compared. And the quantitative parameters between choroidal metastasis and choroidal hemangioma were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance.Results:The IMAX of choroidal metastasis was significantly higher than that of normal orbital tissues, while RT, TTP and mTT were significantly shorter than these of normal orbital tissues (all P<0.01). The IMAX of choroidal metastasis was lower than that of choroidal hemangioma, and RT, TTP and mTT were shorter than choroidal hemangioma (all P<0.01). The ROC curve analysis showed that area under curves of the IMAX, RT, TTP and mTT were 0.775 (95% CI=0.666-0.884), 0.970 (95% CI=0.896-0.996), 0.729 (95% CI=0.607-0.831) and 0.992 (95% CI=0.931-1.000) respectively. The sensitivities were 71.7%, 95.7%, 76.1% and 95.7%, and the specificities were 85.7%, 90.5%, 66.7% and 95.2%, respectively. Conclusions:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can reflect the differences in perfusion characteristics between choroidal metastasis and choroidal hemangioma. RT and mTT are useful parameters in differential diagnosis between the two types of tumors.
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Objective:To discuss the characteristics of ultrasound diagnosis of optic disc capillary hemangioma.Methods:The study analyzed retrospectively 7 cases of optic disc capillary hemangioma diagnosed in the Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2015 to 2018. The size, morphology, internal echo, and secondary changes of the lesion were analyzed during ultrasound examination.Color Doppler flow imaging was used to check the blood flow in the lesion.Results:Pre-optic disc occupying lesions could be detected in the ultrasound images of the 7 cases. Lesion size: average base diameters (5.39±1.90)mm×(4.79±1.28)mm, average height (3.61±1.37)mm. Lesion morphology: 5 cases were round, and 2 cases were irregular. Echo within the lesion: 3 cases had medium echo inside the lesion, and 4 cases had high echo inside the lesion. Internal echo characteristics: 5 cases had uniform echo, and 2 cases had uneven echo. Secondary changes: 6 cases had secondary retinal detachment and vitreous opacity, and 1 cases was accompanied by retinal hemangioma in other parts. In all cases, blood flow signals could be detected inside the space-occupying lesions, which were in the form of branches, stripes or spots, and the blood flow spectrum showed a parallel spectrum of arteries and veins.Conclusions:Ultrasound examination of optic disc capillary hemangioma has certain characteristics, which can provide a valuable follow-up basis for clinical diagnosis.
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Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell (CAR-NK) is a new promising immunotherapy. NK cell can derive from peripheral blood cells, cord blood cells, NK-92 cell line and iPSC cells. CAR-NK cells can recognize target antigens non-specifically and are not restricted by human leukocyte antigens. Allogeneic infusion of CAR-NK cells does not cause graft-versus-host disease. It has a strong effect on primary cells of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma, thus making animal models have strong anti-tumor effect. Therefore, as a "off-the-shelf" product, CAR-NK cells have a wide range of clinical applications. In this paper, the construction of CAR-NK vector and its preliminary clinical application in hematological tumors and the challenges were reviewed.
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Objective:To compare the agreement of biometric parameters measured by a new swept-source optical coherence tomography IOLMaster 700 and a new Scheimpflug imaging combined with partial coherence interferometry biometer Pentacam AXL in cataractous eyes.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.A total of 146 eyes from 76 cataract patients were enrolled in Beijing Tongren Eye Center from 2 to 11 in January 2018, including 69 eyes in 36 males and 77 eyes in 40 females, the age ranged from 35 to 88 years, the mean age was (64.52±11.36) years.Axial length (AL), mean keratometry (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT) and white-to-white (WTW) were measured with IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam AXL, respectively.The differences and correlations of the biometry parameters between the two devices were assessed.Bland-Altman method was used to evaluate the agreement of these parameters between the two devices and the 95% limits of agreement was calculated.This study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (TRECKY2018-049).Results:The mean values of the AL measured by IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam AXL were (24.03±1.72)mm and (23.98±1.73)mm, Km were (44.04±1.71)D and (43.88±1.72)D, ACD were (3.24±0.47)mm and (3.28±0.47)mm, WTW were (11.82±0.51)mm and (11.49±0.49)mm, respectively.Compared with the values in Pentacam AXL, the AL, Km and WTW were larger while ACD was smaller in IOLMaster 700 with significant differences ( t=18.06, 8.94, 23.83, -15.36, all at P<0.01). The mean CCT values from the IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam AXL were (534.18±30.12)μm and (533.42±28.71)μm, respectively, with no significant difference ( t=1.04, P=0.30). The AL, Km, ACD, CCT and WTW from IOLMaster 700 were highly correlated with those from Pentacam AXL ( r=0.999, 0.992, 0.998, 0.956, 0.942; all at P<0.01). The Bland Altman analysis showed that the 95% limits of agreement of AL, Km, ACD, CCT and WTW were-0.02-0.11 mm, -0.27-0.59 D, -0.10-0.02 mm, -16.5-18.1 μm and 0.00-0.67 mm. Conclusions:IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam AXL have good agreements and narrow 95% limits of agreement in the measurements of AL, ACD, CCT, which can be clinically interchangeable.The 95% limits of agreement of WTW and Km are out of the clinically acceptable range, so the WTW and Km measured by the two devices are not interchangeable.
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BACKGROUND@#TOSO, also named Fas inhibitory molecule 3 (FAIM3), has recently been identified as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) Fc receptor (FcμR). Previous studies have shown that TOSO is specifically over-expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the functions of TOSO in CLL remain unknown. The B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway has been reported to be constitutively activated in CLL. Here, we aimed to investigate the functions of TOSO in the BCR signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of CLL.@*METHODS@#We over-expressed TOSO in B-cell lymphoma cell lines (Granta-519 and Z138) by lentiviral transduction and knocked down TOSO by siRNA in primary CLL cells. The over-expression and knockdown of TOSO were confirmed at the RNA level by polymerase chain reaction and protein level by Western blotting. Co-immunoprecipitation with TOSO antibody followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (IP/LCMS) was used to identify TOSO interacting proteins. Western blotting was performed to detect the activation status of BCR signaling pathways as well as B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2). Flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis of TOSO-over-expressing B lymphoma cell lines and TOSO-down-regulated CLL cells via the staining of Annexin V and 7-AAD. One-way analyses of variance were used for intergroup comparisons, while independent samples t tests were used for two-sample comparisons.@*RESULTS@#From IP/LCMS, we identified spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) as a crucial candidate of TOSO-interacting protein and confirmed it by co-immunoprecipitation. After stimulation with anti-IgM, TOSO over-expression increased the phosphorylation of SYK, and subsequently activated the BCR signaling pathway, which could be reversed by a SYK inhibitor. TOSO knockdown in primary CLL cells resulted in reduced SYK phosphorylation as well as attenuated BCR signaling pathway. The apoptosis rates of the Granta-519 and Z138 cells expressing TOSO were (8.46 ± 2.90)% and (4.20 ± 1.21)%, respectively, significantly lower than the rates of the control groups, which were (25.20 ± 4.60)% and (19.72 ± 1.10)%, respectively (P < 0.05 for both). The apoptosis rate was reduced after knocking down TOSO in the primary CLL cells. In addition, we also found that TOSO down-regulation in primary cells from CLL patients led to decreased expression of BCL-2 as well as lower apoptosis, and vice versa in the cell line.@*CONCLUSIONS@#TOSO might be involved in the pathogenesis of CLL by interacting with SYK, enhancing the BCR signaling pathway, and inducing apoptosis resistance.
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Objective To observe the application value with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the detection ofmacular diseases in senile cataract.Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study.From December 1 to December 30,2017,720 senile cataract patients (1380 eyes) diagnosed in Beijing Tongren Eye Center were included in this study.There were 330 males (629 eyes) and 390 females (751 eyes),with the mean age of 70.35 ± 19.05 years.There were 716 right eyes and 664 left eyes,with the visual acuity 0.05-0.8.The fundus of all the patients can be observed.All patients were examined by OCT using Cirrus HD-Model 5000 produced by German Carl Zeiss company and CDFI using MyLab90 color Doppler ultrasound system produced by ESAOTE S.P.A.Comparing the detection rate of macular lesions between the two methods by using X2 test.Using statistical methods to evaluate diagnostic tests,a crosstabulation was made to compare the consistency of frequency-domain OCT and CDFI in the diagnosis of macular lesions.Logistic regression analysis of correlation between detection of CDFI macular lesions and central foveal thickness (CFT),average thickness (AT),with or without macular anterior membrane,retinal folds,retinal cystoid edema,hard exudation,macular hole or lamellar macular hole,superficial detachment of neuroepithelium,detachment of pigment epithelium,vitreous macular traction.Results Two hundreds and thirty-nine eyes (17.3％) showed macular disease by OCT,and 161 eyes (11.7％) showed the abnormal echo in the macular region by CDFI.The detection rate of the macular disease between two methods were statistically significant (χ2=851.661,P＜ 0.001),however,the consistency was well (r=0.766,P=0.000).Logistic analysis showed that the detection rate of macular lesions was related to retinal folds,cysts in retina and CFT (r=1.396,1.041,0.12;P＜0.01).Conclusion CDFI can effectively detect macular lesions that affect the visual prognosis of senile cataract patients.
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Objective:To explore the association between urinary stone disease (USD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Methods:The study was based on the cross-sectional chronic diseases survey performed in Pinggu district, Beijing from March to May, 2014. All subjects completed a questionnaire, physical examination, renal ultrasound examination to detect USD, ankle-brachial index (ABI) examination to detect PAD (defined as ABI<0.9 on either side of the body), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurement to estimate arterial stiffness. Blood and first morning urine sample were detected for serum creatinine, blood glucose and so on.Results:There were 10 281 participants included in this study. Among these participants, the prevalences of USD and PAD were 5.66% and 3.95%, respectively. Compared with non-stone participants, the persistent USD formers had a higher prevalence of PAD (8.26% vs 3.90%, P<0.001) and baPWV [(16.3±3.5) m/s vs (15.5±3.2) m/s, P<0.001]. Even after adjusting the confounding factors, the persistent USD formers also had a 2.066-fold increased risk of PAD ( OR=2.066, 95% CI 1.276-3.343, P=0.003). In the subgroup analysis, persistent USD patients in older participants who were≥60 years old, women, chronic kidney disease, and central obesity had a significantly increased risk of PAD. Conclusions:In the present population, persistent USD is positively associated with a high risk of PAD and increased arterial stiffness. Patients with persistent USD should be screened for vascular diseases.
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Objective To describe the ultrasonographic features of intraocular lymphoma . Methods It was a retrospective analysis of 19 patients ( 26 eyes ) with intraocular lymphoma at the department of ophthalmology ,Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 . T he diagnosis was established by tissue biopsy in 4 patients with diagnostic vitrectomy and 8 with enucleation ,and other 7 cases were clinically diagnosed followed by pathological examination of central nervous system lymphoma . T he ultrasonographic features of all patients were analyzed . Results Of the 19 patients ( 26 eyes ) with intraocular lymphoma ,12 cases ( 19 eyes) of vitreoretinal lymphoma accounted for 63 .2% ,of which 7 cases were bilateral eyes ,and 7 cases ( 7 eyes ) of uveal lymphoma accounted for 36 .8% ,all of w hich were monocular . Ultrasonography of vitreoretinal lymphoma included vitreous opacity , posterior vitreous detachment ,partial retinal detachment ,irregular hypoechoic lesions under the retina ,and CDFI detected blood flow signals in the lesion . T here were two different types of ultrasound findings in uveal lymphoma . Five cases ( 5 eyes ) showed diffuse thickening of the uveal membrane with low echo , and irregular hypoechoic mass around the optic nerve and the ball wall ,in w hich CDFI detected abundant blood flow signals . Ultrasound biological microscope examination showed that the iris‐ciliary body thickened and the internal echo decreased . T his ultrasound finding accounted for 71 .4% of uveal lymphoma . T wo cases ( 2 eyes) showed a solitary ciliary‐choroid choroidal hypoechoic mass ,combined with retinal detachment and blood flow signals with CDFI ,accounting for 28 .6% of uveal lymphoma . Conclusions T he ultrasonography of intraocular lymphoma is various . T he ultrasound findings of vitreoretinal lymphoma are not specific , w hile the diffuse thickened uvea and retrobulbar hypoechoic lesions encircled optic nerve and eye wall suggest the possibility of uveal lymphoma .
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Objective To compare the agreement of axial length (AL),anterior chamber depth (ACD) and keratometry measured by IOLMaster 500 with IOLMaster 700 in cataract eyes with high myopia.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed.One hundred and fifty-two eyes of 87 cataract patients with high myopia were included from September to October 2017 in Beijing Tongren Hospital.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.05-1.0,and the refraction power was-6.25--21.00 D,with an average power of (-13.625 ± 7.375) D.A L,ACD and keratometry (Kf,Ks) were measured by IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster 500 respectively for all the eyes.The eyes were assigned to AL＞26-≤28 mm group,AL＞28-＜30 mm group and AL≥30 mm according to the results of IOLMaster 500.The measured differences between two devices were assessed using paired samples t-test,and the measured consistency of the two devices was evaluated using Bland-Altman agreement analysis.This study protocol was approved by Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital and complied with Declaration of Helsinki.Results There were no significant differences in the AL and Kf measured by the two devices in all the three groups (all at P＞0.05).Both ACD and Ks values measured by IOLMaster 700 were lower than those by IOLMaster 500 (both at P＜0.05),which were clinically acceptable.The percentage beyond 95％ agreement limit between IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster 500 were 4.10％,2.17％ and 3.03％ for AL differences and 4.10％,4.34％ 和 3.03％ for Kf difference in the three groups.Significant differences were found in ACD and Ks between IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster 500 at a clinically acceptable level (both at P＜0.05),and Bland-Altamn agreement analysis showed that the percentage beyond 95％ agreement limit between IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster 500 were 4.10％,4.34％ and 3.03％ for both ACD and Ks differences in the three groups.Conclusions There is a good agreement in AL,ACD,Kf and Ks measured by IOLMaster 700 with IOLMaster 500 and is clinically interchangeable in cataract eyes with high myopia.However,IOLMaster 700 is better because it can provide the OCT image of macula.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic role and potential mechanisms of astaxanthin (ASX) pretreatment on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in mice .Methods Sepsis was induced by CLP in male mice ,which were then randomly divided into saline control group ,sepsis model group (CLP group) ,and CLP+ASX group (mice received 60 mg/(kg · d) ASX dissolved in olive oil via oral gavage for 14 consecutive days before CLP operation) .① The mice were monitored to assess 72-hour survival rate .② Clinical scores of mice in the three groups were calculated 24 h after CLP to determine the severity of sepsis .Blood samples were collected at 24 h after CLP modeling to determine the serum ALT ,BUN ,TNF-α and IL-6 levels .The intestine ,lung ,liver and kidney tissues were collected to assess organ functions and pathological changes .Results The results showed that mice in CLP group had a significantly lower survival rate at 72 h than those in CLP+ASX group (P=0 .0202) .CLP+ASX sepsis group had a lower clinical score than CLP sepsis group(10 .78 ± 0 .79 vs .13 .67 ± 0 .44 ,P=0 .005) .The tissue histopathology and biochemical analysis revealed that ASX markedly alleviated histological examination damage in the intestines [villus height :(390 .67 ± 14 .58)μm vs .(326 .67 ± 10 .31)μm , P=0 .005] ,lung (lung wet/dry ratio :4.75±0.24 vs.5.05±0.22,P=0.0476),liver[ALT:(105.0±10.53)U/L vs.(174.8±9.289)U/L,P=0.0006] and kidney [BUN:(54 .50 ± 3 .57)mg/dL vs .(69 .17 ± 3 .33)mg/dL , P= 0 .0132] tissues in sepsis .Moreover , significant lower levels of TNF-α [(258 .06 ± 16 .21 )pg/mL vs . (538 .17 ± 30 .80 )pg/mL , P< 0 .0001 ] and IL-6 [(5 .90 ± 0 .80)ng/mL vs .(12 .56 ± 0 .55)ng/mL , P<0 .0001] were discovered in the CLP+ ASX sepsis group in contrast to the CLP sepsis group .Conclusion ASX can significantly lower the mortality of mice with CLP-induced sepsis by improving organ functions and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors .
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Objective@#To Evaluation the effect of PD-1 inhibitor Nivolumab on the proliferation and cytotoxicity of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CD19-CAR-T) in vitro.@*Methods@#Five patients with high PD-1 expression in peripheral blood and five healthy volunteers were selected. These peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used as the source of T cells to prepare CD19-CAR-T cells. Different doses (72, 36, 18 μg/ml) of Nivolumab was added on day 8 to the culture medium. Patient T cells incubated with 72 μg/ml Nivolumab and CD19-CAR-T cells of healthy volunteers were used as controls. CCK-8, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay and ELASA were used to detect the proliferation capacity, the specific cytotoxicity and the inflammatory factor secretion.@*Results@#①T cells from patients with high expression of PD-1 as the source of CD19-CAR-T cells did not affect transfection rate compared with that of healthy volunteers [(32.80±7.22)% vs (35.10±5.84)%, t=-0.554, P=0.593]. ②Incubation of CD19-CAR-T cells with 72 μg/ml Nivolumab did not affect CD19-CAR-T cell proliferation, but its cytotoxicity was significantly higher than that of CD19-CAR-T cells alone or patients’ T cells +72 μg/ml Nivolumab (all P<0.001), there was no significant difference in the killing activity between the 72 μg/ml and 36 μg/ml Nivolumab treated CD19-CAR-T cells on Pfeiffer cells (P=0.281, 0.267, respectively), and they were all higher than those of 18 μg/ml Nivolumab treated CD19-CAR-T cells (all P<0.001). ③Different doses of PD-1 inhibitor Nivolumab combined with CD19-CAR-T cells does not affect the secretion of IFN-γ and IFN-α (all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Combination of 36 μg/ml PD-1 inhibitor and CD19-CAR-T cells could reduce the drug toxicity and enhance the cytotoxicity.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) based on optical microangiography (OMAG) measurements of macular vessels in normal eyes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this prospective cohort study, 40 eyes of 40 healthy volunteers underwent repeated OCTA (Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 angiography system, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.) scans on two separate visit days. On each visit day, the eyes were scanned three times. The following parameters were used to quantitatively describe the OCTA images of the superficial vascular network: vessel area density (VAD), vessel skeleton density (VSD), vessel diameter index (VDI), vessel perimeter index (VPI), vessel complexity index (VCI), flux, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated for evaluating intravisit and intervisit repeatability, as well as interobserver reproducibility.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The measurements showed high repeatability [CVs ⪕ 4.2% (intravisit) and ⪕ 4.6% (intervisit)] and interobserver reproducibility (ICCs ⪖ 0.923) for all parameters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study demonstrated good repeatability and reproducibility of OCTA based on OMAG for the measurement of superficial vessel parameters in normal eyes.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cohort Studies , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Fluorescein Angiography , Reference Standards , Healthy Volunteers , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Microvessels , Diagnostic Imaging , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Retina , Diagnostic Imaging , Retinal Vessels , Diagnostic Imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and complications of manual reduction and external fixation for the treatment of scaphoid fractures and perilunate dislocations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2009 to January 2013, 43 patients suffered from scaphoid fractures and perilunate dislocations were retrospective analyzed. Among them, 17 cases were treated with manipulative reduction and plaster external fixation as conservation group including 10 males and 7 females, the other 26 cases were treated with application of surgical as operation group including 15 males and 11 females. The clinical effects were assessed by Cooney function score, radiological analysis and observation of complications.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for(45.00±8.72) months ranging from 36 to 60 months. At the final follow-up, the Cooney score of wrist function was 88.53±4.24 in conservation group and 89.58±4.59in operation group(0.455, >0.05). During the follow-up, 4 patients were found scaphoid avascular necrosis in the imaging performance in the conservation group(χ²=4.32, <0.05). The difference of other complications between two groups was not statistically significant(>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>For patients suffered from the scaphoid fractures and perilunate dislocation, the early manipulative reduction and plaster external fixation after injury as soon as possible is necessary. Maintaining a satisfactory reduction and reliable fixation at the same time can lead to good treatment effect and there's no weakness compared to surgical treatment. But there was an increase in danger of complications. The key of conservative treatment lies in early diagnosis and maintenance of reduction, reliable fixation, and timely and appropriate functional exercise.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a MDS mouse model with iron overload and to study the effect of iron overload on MDS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The exogenous mutant gene RUNX1-S291fs was inserted into the mice bone marrow mononuclear cell's genome in mice by retrovirus and transplanted into C57BL/6 mice irradiated by Co γ-ray. After 8 weeks,intraperitoneal injection of iron was performed to establish an MDS mouse model with iron overload. After 24 weeks of transplantation, the peripheral blood, bone marrow, femur, liver and spleen of mice were taken, then the morphological characteristics of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells were observed by Wright's staining; the liver, spleen and bone marrow were stained with Prussian blue to observe the iron deposition. The surface antigens of bone marrow cells were detected by flow cytometry. Bone marrow mononuclear cells and spleen tissue proteins were detected by Western blot to confirm the transfection of RUNX1-S291fs gene and expression of protein. The blood routine and transplanted cell chimeric rate of mice were monitored periodically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the empty plasmid control mice, levels of leukocyte and hemoglobin as well as platelet were decreased in RUNX1-S291fs mutant mice; the peripheral blood cells and bone marrow cells showed pathological hematopoiesis; the liver and spleen enlarged significantly; the tissue structure of femur, liver and spleen was abnormal; the expression of bone marrow cell surface antigens was abnormal. Bone marrow cells and spleen tissue expressed the RUNX1-S291fs protein. Compared with the controlled mice injected with normal saline, iron deposition occurred in the bone marrow, liver and spleen stained with Prussian blue in the mice injected with iron agent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mice engineered to carry exogenous mutant gene RUNX1-S291fs and injected with iron showed pathologic features of MDS and iron overload, resulting in establishing MDS iron overloaded mouse model successfully, which lays a foundation for studying the effect of iron overload on MDS.</p>